Strategic Management Essays - Strategic Management, Management

Strategic Management What is Strategic Management? Strategic planning is a process to provide direction and meaning to day-to-day activities. It examines an organization's values, current status, and environment, and relates those factors to the organization's desired future state, usually expressed in five- to ten-year time periods. The organization may be a program, school, school district, public or private agency, or any other institution that wishes to control its future. If the organization existed in a static environment in which no change was necessary or desired, there would be no need for strategic planning. But, our environment is changing -demographically, economically, and culturally. Thus, strategic planning is both a reaction to, and a tool for adapting to, those changes and creating an organization's future within the context of change. McCune describes strategic planning as a process for organizational renewal and transformation. She identifies another difference between long-range planning and strategic planning: in long-range planning, goals and projections are based on the assumption of organizational stability, while in strategic planning; the role of the organization is examined within the context of its environment. Strategic planning provides the means for an organization to adapt its services and activities to meet changing needs in its environment. It provides a framework not only for the improvement of programs but also for the restructuring of programs, management, and collaborations, and for evaluation of the organization's progress in these efforts. (1) What Does It Involve? As a process, strategic planning involves an orderly sequence of activities, each vital to the success of the whole. Strategic planning activities include: 1. Assessing the external environment. 2. Assessing internal capacity. 3. Developing goals and objectives. 4. Implementing the plan. 5. Measuring progress and revising the plan.(1) The planning process depends on a formal information system. The external and internal assessments provide a reality base on which to build future plans. The vision or mission identifies the organization's purpose and its desired future state. The process of internal assessment and future visioning may uncover, with in an organization, differing views of its purpose, its current level of effective ness, and its potential for the future. Thus, consensus building may be an important element of these phases. Once consensus is reached, the practical steps necessary for reaching that future state over a given period of time - the goals and objectives of the organization can be identified and actualized in the implementation phase. Evaluation and revision occur at the end of the planning cycle, but may occur at any stage with in the planning process. Why Do It? In the simplest terms, a strategic plan can help improve performance. School staff or members of any organization, can become so bogged down in routine functioning and daily challenges, they can lose sight of the organization's purpose. A strategic plan cannot only refocus members' sense of purpose, but can stimulate future-oriented thinking based on a shared sense of mission. Collaboration between members of an organization is more effective when everyone is working with in the same set of assumptions and toward the same goals. Today's educational system must cope with changes in demographics, family patterns, and workplace requirements. Many of these changes provide interrelated challenges to the system. Viewing them as a web of problems may be overwhelming; putting them in the perspective of an organized strategic plan allows the organization to deal with them in a coordinated way, addressing pieces of the problems as part of a progression toward a total solution.(3) This allows the organization to influence its environment and take control of its future, rather than reacting to it. Strategic planning is not an appropriate activity for every organization at all times. When an organization is in crisis, when its very existence is in question, the crisis must be addressed before any other activity is initiated. Strategic planning makes no sense when the organization's future is in doubt. Developing goals and objectives. Who, what, when, where, why, and how is not only the mantra of journalists, it is also the guideline for developing goals and objectives. And, the future vision of the organization- the why- is the guiding force in their development.(1) Specific goals, what is to be achieved, are identified to help move the organization from its current

Origins of the Vietnam War From 1945â€1954

Origins of the Vietnam War From 1945–1954 The causes of the Vietnam War trace their roots back to the end of World War II. A French colony, Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia) had been occupied by the Japanese during the war. In 1941, a Vietnamese nationalist movement, the Viet Minh, was formed by Ho Chi Minh to resist the occupiers. A communist, Ho Chi Minh waged a guerrilla war against the Japanese with the support of the United States. Near the end of the war, the Japanese began to promote Vietnamese nationalism and ultimately granted the country nominal independence. On August 14, 1945, Ho Chi Minh launched the August Revolution, which effectively saw the Viet Minh take control of the country. The French Return Following the Japanese defeat, the Allied Powers decided that the region should remain under French control. As France lacked the troops to retake the area, Nationalist Chinese forces occupied the north while the British landed in the south. Disarming the Japanese, the British used the surrendered weapons to rearm French forces that had been interned during the war. Under pressure from the Soviet Union, Ho Chi Minh sought to negotiate with the French, who desired to retake possession of their colony. Their entrance into Vietnam was only permitted by the Viet Minh after assurances had been given that the country would gain independence as part of the French Union. First Indochina War Discussions soon broke down between the two parties and in December 1946, the French shelled the city of Haiphong and forcibly reentered the capital, Hanoi. These actions began a conflict between the French and the Viet Minh, known as the First Indochina War. Fought mainly in North Vietnam, this conflict began as a low level, rural guerrilla war, as Viet Minh forces conducted hit and run attacks on the French. In 1949, fighting escalated as Chinese communist forces reached the northern border of Vietnam and opened a pipeline of military supplies to the Viet Minh.   French paratroopers taking part in Operation Castor, a parachute drop on Dien Bien Phu in the Thai district during the Indo-China war. Hulton Archive/Stringer/Getty Images  Ã‚   Increasingly well-equipped, the Viet Minh began more direct engagement against the enemy and the conflict ended when the French were decisively defeated at Dien Bien Phu in 1954. The war was ultimately settled by the Geneva Accords of 1954, which temporarily partitioned the country at the 17th parallel, with the Viet Minh in control of the north and a non-communist state to be formed in the south under Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem. This division was to last until 1956, when national elections would be held to decide the future of the nation. The Politics of American Involvement Initially, the United States had little interest in Vietnam and Southeast Asia, however, as it became clear that the post-World War II world would be dominated by the US and its allies and the Soviet Union and theirs, isolating communist movements took an increased importance. These concerns were ultimately formed into the doctrine of containment and domino theory. First spelled out 1947, containment identified that the goal of Communism was to spread to capitalist states and that the only way to stop it was to â€Å"contain† it within its present borders. Springing from containment was the concept of domino theory, which stated that if one state in a region were to fall to Communism, then the surrounding states would inevitably fall as well. These concepts were to dominate and guide US foreign policy for much of the Cold War. In 1950, to combat the spread of Communism, the United States began supplying the French military in Vietnam with advisors and funding its efforts against the â€Å"red† Viet Minh. This aid nearly extended to direct intervention in 1954, when the use of American forces to relieve Dien Bien Phu was discussed at length. Indirect efforts continued in 1956, when advisors were provided to train the army of the new Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) with the goal of creating a force capable of resisting Communist aggression. Despite their best efforts, the quality of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) was to remain consistently poor throughout its existence. The Diem Regime South Vietnam President Ngo Dinh Diem (1901 - 1963) watching an agricultural show just minutes after an assassination attempt had been made on his life. Keystone/Stringer/Getty Images  Ã‚   A year after the Geneva Accords, Prime Minister Diem commenced a â€Å"Denounce the Communists† campaign in the south. Throughout the summer of 1955, Communists and other opposition members were jailed and executed. In addition to attacking the communists, the Roman Catholic Diem assaulted Buddhist sects and organized crime, which further alienated the largely Buddhist Vietnamese people and eroded his support. In the course of his purges, it is estimated that Diem had up to 12,000 opponents executed and as many as 40,000 jailed.  To further cement his power, Diem rigged a referendum on the future of the country in October 1955 and declared the formation of the Republic of Vietnam, with its capital at Saigon. Despite this, the US actively supported the Diem regime as a buttress against Ho Chi Minh’s communist forces in the north. In 1957, a low-level guerrilla movement began to emerge in the south, conducted by Viet Minh units that had not returned north after the accords. Two years later, these groups successfully pressured Ho’s government into issuing a secret resolution calling for an armed struggle in the south. Military supplies began to flow into the south along the Ho Chi Minh Trail, and the following year the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam (Viet Cong) was formed to carry out the fight. Failure and Deposing Diem The situation in South Vietnam continued to deteriorate, with corruption rife throughout the Diem government and the ARVN unable to effectively combat the Viet Cong. In 1961, the newly elected Kennedy Administration promised more aid and additional money, weapons, and supplies were sent with little effect. Discussions then began in Washington regarding the need to force a regime change in Saigon. This was accomplished on November 2, 1963, when the CIA aided a group of ARVN officers to overthrow and kill Diem. His death led to a  period of political instability that saw the rise and fall of a succession of military governments. To help deal with the post-coup chaos, Kennedy increased the number of US advisors in South Vietnam to 16,000. With Kennedys death later that same month, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson ascended to the presidency and reiterated the US commitment to fighting communism in the region.

Argon Cluster and Graphene Collision Simulation Experiment

Argon Cluster and Graphene Collision Simulation Experiment Formation of Nanopore in a Suspended Graphene Sheet with Argon Cluster Bombardment: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation study Abstract: Formation of a nanopore in a suspended graphene sheet using an argon gas beam was simulated using molecular dynamics (MD) method. The Lennard-Jones (LJ) two-body potential and Tersoff–Brenner empirical potential energy function are applied in the MD simulations for different interactions between particles. The simulation results demonstrated that the incident energy and cluster size played a crucial role in the collisions. Simulation results for the Ar55 –graphene collisions show that the Ar55 cluster bounces back when the incident energy is less than 11ev/atom, the argon cluster penetrates when the incident energy is greater than 14 ev/atom. The two threshold incident energies, i.e. threshold incident energy of defect formation in graphene and threshold energy of penetration argon cluster were observed in the simulation. The threshold ene rgies were found to have relatively weak negative power law dependence on the cluster size. The number of sputtered carbon atoms is obtained as a function of the kinetic energy of the cluster. Keywords: Nanopore, Suspended graphene sheet, Argon cluster, Molecular dynamics simulation Introduction The carbon atoms in graphene condense in a honeycomb lattice due to sp 2-hybridized carbon bond in two dimensions [1]. It has unique mechanical [2], thermal [3-4], electronic [5], optical [6], and transport properties [7], which leads to its huge potential applications in nanoelectronic and energy science [8]. One of the key obstacles of pristine graphene in nanoelectronics is the absence of band gap [9-10]. Theoretical studies have shown that chemical doping of graphene with foreign atoms can modulate the electronic band structure of graphene and lead to the metal to semiconductor transition and break the polarized transport degeneracy [11-12]. Also, computational studies have demonstr ated that some vacancies of carbon atoms within the graphene plane could induce a band-gap opening and Fermi level shifting [13-14]. Graphene nanopores can have potential applications in various technologies, such as DNA sequencing, gas separation, and single-molecule analysis [15-16]. Generating sub-nanometer pores with precisely-controlled sizes is the key difficulty in the design of a graphene nanopore device. Several method have been employed to punch nanopores in graphene sheets, including electron beam from a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and heavy ion irradiation. Using electron beam technique, Fischbein et al.[17] drilled nanopores with the width of several nanometers and demonstrated that porous graphene is very stable; but, this method cannot be widely used because of its low efficiency and high cost. Russo et al. [18] used energetic ion exposure technique to create nanopores with radius as small as 3Å. S. Zhao et al. [19] indicated that energetic cluster irra diation was more effective in generating nanopores in graphene, because their much larger kinetic energy could be transferred to the target atoms. Recent experimental works have further confirmed that cluster irradiation is a feasible and promising way in the generation of nanopores [20]. Numerical simulations have demonstrated that, by choosing a suitable cluster species and controlling its energy, a nanopores of desired sizes and qualities can be fabricated in a graphene sheet [19].

An Exploratory Study of Sanofis Strategy on Employee Retention Essay

An Exploratory Study of Sanofis Strategy on Employee Retention - Essay Example 12 a.2 Talent Management, Succession Planning, and the Integration of Learning and Development with Employee Relations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 13 a.3 Competitive Remuneration and Reward Strategies †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 16 a.4 Maintaining the Goodwill of the Company †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 18 a.5 Effective Leadership and Management Style †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 19 a.6 Work Flexibility and Work-and-Life Balance †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 21 III. Research Methodology †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 24 a. Framework of the Research Survey Study Design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 24 b. Quantitative Research Survey Questionnaire Design †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 26 c. Research Hypothesis ................................................................................ 27 d. Site Settings, Population and Sample Size †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 28 d. Research Ethics †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 29 IV. Research Findings and Discussion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 30 a. Research Findings †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 30 a.1 Baby Boomers †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 30 a.2 Generation X Employees †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 34 a.3 Generation Y Employees †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 37 b. Discussion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 40 V. Conclusion and Recommendations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 43 References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 46 Appendixes... The firm that is analyzed in the paper is Sanofi, a global pharmaceutical company that is committed in discovering, developing and distributing a wide-range of therapeutic products such as vaccines that could protect the immunized individuals against 20 different infectious diseases and medicines that could effectively solve health problems related to atrial fibrillation, atherothrombosis, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, central nervous system (CNS) disorders, medical aesthetics, mental health disorders like schizophrenia, epilepsy and bipolar disorder, metabolic disorder, oncology, and deep vein thrombosis. Since 1999, Sanofi managed to establish offices in almost 110 countries around the world. To serve the constantly increasing demand for Sanofi products, this company is maintaining more than 100,000 highly committed professional staff that aims to provide healthcare solutions to healthcare professionals and patients worldwide. To attract and retain its employees, the c ompany take care of their valuable assets by providing their staff with a rewarding work environment, offer them with competitive remuneration packages, and provide them with equal opportunities for further training and career development. Failure to satisfy the specific needs and wants of Sanofi’s current employees could increase the risks wherein its employees could be easily pirated by another similar company. In the long-run, having a weak and ineffective employee retention stratey could cause Sanofi to lose some of its long-term customers and top-most secrets behind its past and future research and development projects to its close competitors.

International Economic Problems Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Economic Problems - Coursework Example It measures the average price of goods relative to the average price of goods of trading partners. a. The Calculation of the multilateral trade-weighted annual U.S. dollar exchange rates (USD per unit of foreign currency) with respect to four major trading partners of the United States: Canada, Mexico, China, and Germany, from 2007 (normal time) to 2013 (not so normal time) involves aggregation that take the following form: (Please note that weights are the volumes of US trade (exports + imports) with each trading partners). The weights for the j currencies included in the TWI are then calculated by re-scaling the trade shares so that they sum to 100. The inverse of the share of trade accounted for by the currencies included in the TWI basket, which make up at least 90 per cent of U.S’s total merchandise and services two-way trade. c. Calculate the real value of multilateral trade-weighted monthly average U.S. dollar exchange rates (use CPI of each nation to convert nominal exchange rate to real exchange rate. Index the real values of multilateral trade-weighted exchange rates (2007 = 100). d. With help of excel make two line graphs of the multilateral trade weighted-average monthly exchange rates (the nominal and the real). Write a short essay (about 100 words) on the performance of trade-weighted U.S. dollar exchange rates and its possible effects on U.S. trade with major trading partners. The exchange rate plays an important role in the tradable sector of the U.S. economy since movements in the exchange rate affect both the demand and supply of export and imports. The rise and fall of the exchange rate of the major trading partners of the U.S. is therefore an important point to the analysis of the U.S. economy. The unstable foreign currency value of the dollar over the past years and the increase in the U.S. price inflation recently have caused rippled pressure and concerns on the depreciating value of the U.S. dollar. Both

Education In The Early Soviet Union Essay Example for Free

Education In The Early Soviet Union Essay The early 20th century was a time of change for many parts of the world; advances in all areas of technology and changing mindsets made a huge difference in the way that human civilization progressed. One significant example of this was the overthrow of Czarist Russia and the establishment of the Soviet Union . While far from a revolution in freedom, the Soviet Union was revolutionary in many ways that are still worthy of discussion. With this in mind, this paper will present an account of the historical period of the Early Soviet Union and of the impact of education on that period. EDUCATION EVOLVES WITH THE BIRTH OF THE SOVIET UNION An understanding of the birth of the Soviet Union, as well as its educational system, requires first an overview of the political and educational system which preceded it. Russia, under control of the Czars, was a land of great darkness- politically, economically and educationally. For the Czars, the rule of law was intended to keep the masses as oppressed as possible; there were limited job opportunities, leading to widespread famine, poverty and deprivation from all vantage points. In many ways, these factors can be directly linked to a lack of available education for the masses , and vice versa. The insistence of the government in place to keep the populous ignorant and ill-educated kept the collective skill set of the people at a bare minimum, relegating them to menial jobs for low pay. Even with the oppressive taxation imposed by the Czars, there was little money available to support decent education, even if the Czars wanted to have such institutions in place. At any rate, the change of education definitely came with the change from Czarist rule to the establishment of the Soviet state. With the 1917 Russian Revolution, not only were the people shifted from the essentially dictatorial system of government they had known before to one that was largely driven by Socialism , a system which relied on the sheer power of the people to provide the muscle needed to power the factories, build the roads, and brandish the weapons that would keep the state economically viable, physically strong, and able to meet the challenges of enemies foreign or domestic. A key to this power, it was immediately discovered, would in fact come from the education of the common people. Previously, the upper classes were guaranteed education through private means, as they had the ability to pay for such instruction, but there existed an entire class of people for whom the books of knowledge had essentially been sealed shut for generations upon generations. To ensure that education would be delivered to towns large and small across the Soviet Union, from the earliest days of the Revolution, boards of education were established in each of the republics which comprised the Soviet Union. In this way, education could likewise be customized for the needs of any particular locality. This should not give the impression, however, that education was autonomous in each of the republics, or that there was no agenda behind education. As much as education aimed to teach marketable and practical skills to the average Soviet, it was also designed to indoctrinate impressionable minds about the superiority of the Soviet governmental systems, ideologies, and theories, for it was the compliance of the people that would allow the Soviet Union to grow to dominance over a period of several decades. A MISSING ELEMENT FROM SOVIET EDUCATION From the very beginning of the Soviet Union, its educational system and political ideology were unavoidably entwined. One of the key tenets of the Soviet philosophy, which was consequently built in to the educational system is the entire lack of a spiritual element, as Soviet leaders subscribed to the assertions of Dostoevsky that without having to wrestle with the idea of the existence of God, the mind is thereby free to imagine that anything is possible, as many of the moral dilemmas which complicate decision making are effectively erased. CONCLUSION In conclusion, what can be seen in the parallel development of the Soviet Union as a state and its accompanying educational system is the introduction of political ideology and practical instruction, both with the collective goal of advancing the state. This worked for decades and brought the Soviet Union to the status of world superpower in a remarkably short time. Therefore, in conclusion, what can best be said about education and the early history of Soviet Union is that they were inexorably linked, and each enhanced the other. REFERENCES Daniel, Wallace. 1996. Religion, Science, Russia: An Interview with Boris Raushenbakh. The Christian Century, 28 February, 232+. Dundua, Shalva. 2003. The Legacy of the Soviet Education System and Attempts to Introduce New Methodologies of Teaching in Georgia. Childhood Education 79, no. 6: 347+. Nearing, Scott. 1926. Education in Soviet Russia. New York: International Publishers. Zlobin, Nikolai. 1996. Things Fall Apart. World Affairs 158, no. 3: 148-155.

Frankenstein Version by Kenneth Branagh Essay -- Frankenstein Movies F

Frankenstein Version by Kenneth Branagh In 1931 Hollywood made a simplified version of Frankenstein and stereotyped the monster to be evil with bolts in his neck and a big, green square head. In the 1960s an English company called Hammer Horror revitalised Frankenstein movies and Christopher Lee made the monster look more like a man. All of the Frankenstein movies before Kenneth Branagh's version had made the monster evil. In Kenneth Branagh's version of the story he filmed the entire book and tried to stick closely to the original novel by Mary Shelley. Kenneth Branagh directed and played the part of Victor Frankenstein, Robert de Niro played the monster and Helena Bonham Carter played the part of Elizabeth, Victor's orphan sister, girlfriend and wife. The story of Frankenstein starts at the end where Victor Frankenstein is on a ship telling the captain the story of his life. It then shows Victor as a child, meeting his new orphan sister Elizabeth. The story then goes to Victor as an adult and his mother dies giving birth to his brother. This gives Victor the ide...

Quality Compliance at the Hawthorn Arms Essay

1. Consider the three candidates in Exhibit A below. If forced to make a decision tomorrow, which candidate should Alistair choose for the job? What major factors should determine his choice? * Every candidate has different strengths and weaknesses * Marie: good technical as well as administrative abilities * Janos: knows Hungarian culture and speaks the language, experience with the local products * Sinead: has experience in the organiyational and administrative part of joint ventures, knowledge about local and global products * The different abilities have to be compared and analyzed in relation to the vacant position * Marie: is the best choice * Long experience with Trianon in different areas * Became acquainted with different cultures even if not the Hungarian * Good technical education / background * Fitting family status (child in university) * Good language skills * Janos: * Cultural aptitude * Knowledge of Hungarian language * Fitting family status * Short experience with Trianon * Contacts to politcs may be a problem * Lack of technical experience * Sinead: * Great technical experience even in joint ventures and the appropriate technology * Weak cultural aptitude * Weak language skills * Family status might be a problem (3 underaged children) 2. We are told nothing of the process that Trianon uses to recruit candidates for ths level of final selection. Given what you know about the firm from the case, outline a general recruitment and selection process for Trianon. Describe how your proposal fits with `best` selection practices as well as the strategic needs of this company. * Job requirements: * Technical experience * Cross cultural aptitude * Family status * Company`s requirements, period of employment * Language skills * Selection procedure: * Selection on the basis of the application * Style of writing, education, marks, completeness of documents * Interviews * Personal appearance, answering questions, flexibility, adaptability * Selection tests * Completion of tasks, presentations skills, mental qualities, soft skills 3. Should HR staff be involved in strategic decisions relating to international business operations such as finalizing a joint venture agreement? * Yes, HR staff should be involved to assure that all personnel changes regarding the future project are organized and planned properly. It is important to integrate HR well enough in advance, because a potentially necessary recruitment and selection process takes time.

North American Free Trade Agreement and Company Fruit

1. Why did many textile jobs apparently migrate out of the United States in the years after the establishment of NAFTA? Jobs migrated out of the United States because where the average labor for US was $10 to $12 an hour compared to rates in Mexico at $10 to $12 a day. For example, the company Fruit of the Loom Inc. would benefit more and increase their revenue by paying their employee’s less to perform the job. It is also stated that NAFTA was credited with helping crease increase political stability in Mexico. So this could be another reason for the Jobs migrating out of the United States. 2. Who gained from the process of readjustment in the textile industry after NAFTA? Who lost? Due to this readjustment in which the United States jobs migrated to Mexico had a major effect on workers in the textile mills in the United States. But indeed had a great benefit on consumers in the US. It stated that employment in textile mills dropped from 478,000to 239,000, employment in apparel plummeted from 858,000 to 296,000. This shows that a great amount of workers were left empty handed searching for new employment. But on the other hand, this adjustment made it more reasonable for people like myself. Due to textiles moving to Mexico, prices dropped on clothing. Now it makes it easier for consumers to buy clothing at a cheaper price rather than spending a lot of money just to do so. This shows that the market will grow because people can and willing to spend more money at the cheaper rate. In this case, Mexico and U.S will benefit. Mexico would increase jobs as low cost production moves south. And U.S will increase a prosperous market and lower the prices for consumers from goods produced in Mexico. Especially when prices are at a discounted rate. 3. With hindsight, do you think it is better to protect vulnerable industries such as textiles, or to let them adjust to the painful winds of change that follow entering into free trade agreements? What would the benefits of cost of protection be? What would the costs be? I have a two-sided opinion on this matter. I feel that in a way we should protect industries such as the textiles because jobs would be lost and wages levels would decline tremendously in the United States and Canada. Mexican workers would emigrate north and pollution would increase due to Mexico’s more lax standards. And also Mexico would also lose its sovereignty which is not an important factor. But on the other hand, we shouldn’t protect because this would prosper in the market & benefit the consumers.

Free Essays on Spirituality And Substace Abuse

Spirituality and Substance Abuse Treatment The definition spirituality is a very personal and individualized response to God, as we know he/she, a higher power or an animating force in the world. A person does not have to engage in religious rituals or even believe in God to be spiritual. 1. Religion comes from the root "religio" meaning humanity’s bond with a greater being. 2. Spiritual comes from the root "spiritus" meaning breath or life. 3. However, the meaning of the word ‘religion’ has evolved to include religious behaviors and rituals which some view as an impediment to a spiritual experience. A person can be characterized in terms of their religion by measuring the extent to which they are engaged in religious belief and practice. Spirituality is hard to define because of its focus on the transcendent; spirituality defies customary conceptual boundaries, whereas religion is actually defined by its boundaries. Religion involves beliefs, rituals; and is, easier to define. Some forms of religion interfere or distort one’s spirituality. Spirituality should be multi-dimensional involving behavior, belief, and experience. Substance Abuse/Dependence Treatment and Spirituality "Religion and spirituality is an important factor in recovery from addiction. As was as Religious practices and the use of substances as well as the exclusion of substances by some religions. Religious practices In Judeo-Christian scriptures, drinking wine is assumed to be part of ordinary life and is even commended. Sacramental observances in both Judaism and Christianity involve the use of wine. Native American, Polynesian, African, and other indigenous religions have often used hallucinogenic and other psychoactive substances such as peyote, alcohol, tobacco, and hashish as means in the quest for spiritual transcendence. Some religions are characterized based on or inspired by drug use. Exclusion of substances are Judeo-Christian the Bi... Free Essays on Spirituality And Substace Abuse Free Essays on Spirituality And Substace Abuse Spirituality and Substance Abuse Treatment The definition spirituality is a very personal and individualized response to God, as we know he/she, a higher power or an animating force in the world. A person does not have to engage in religious rituals or even believe in God to be spiritual. 1. Religion comes from the root "religio" meaning humanity’s bond with a greater being. 2. Spiritual comes from the root "spiritus" meaning breath or life. 3. However, the meaning of the word ‘religion’ has evolved to include religious behaviors and rituals which some view as an impediment to a spiritual experience. A person can be characterized in terms of their religion by measuring the extent to which they are engaged in religious belief and practice. Spirituality is hard to define because of its focus on the transcendent; spirituality defies customary conceptual boundaries, whereas religion is actually defined by its boundaries. Religion involves beliefs, rituals; and is, easier to define. Some forms of religion interfere or distort one’s spirituality. Spirituality should be multi-dimensional involving behavior, belief, and experience. Substance Abuse/Dependence Treatment and Spirituality "Religion and spirituality is an important factor in recovery from addiction. As was as Religious practices and the use of substances as well as the exclusion of substances by some religions. Religious practices In Judeo-Christian scriptures, drinking wine is assumed to be part of ordinary life and is even commended. Sacramental observances in both Judaism and Christianity involve the use of wine. Native American, Polynesian, African, and other indigenous religions have often used hallucinogenic and other psychoactive substances such as peyote, alcohol, tobacco, and hashish as means in the quest for spiritual transcendence. Some religions are characterized based on or inspired by drug use. Exclusion of substances are Judeo-Christian the Bi...

A Brief Outline of American Politics Assignment - 1

A Brief Outline of American Politics - Assignment Example It is considered that the speed of striding indicates the power of a person, and more speed means a person is powerful and physically fit. There is, however, a difference in the manner of walking by both the politicians. While walking, Vladimir moves his shoulders back and forth. He exudes energy while walking and makes strong gestures, all of which indicates that he has animal power and is extremely active and strong. On the other hand, Bush portrays himself as having the traditional American power. While walking, he does not make any significant movements of the shoulder. He appears to be calm and controlled which indicates that he does not waste his energy without reason. Bill Clinton has a rather charming personality which becomes apparent when he is communicating with ladies. This is reflected in the manner he smiles while speaking, and his voice is friendly and passionate. II. Karl Rove is the political advisor of Republican candidates and is regarded as a strong strategist. His major agenda is to attack the strong points of the opponents and make them seem like their weak points. For instance, there was the Republican presidential nominee John McCain in the 2008 United States presidential election. He had the reputation of being a war held and prisoner of war. As part of Karl Rove’s strategy, the supporters of George W. Bush in South Carolina created doubts that the years of torture by the Vietnamese may have mentally affected John McCain. In this way, Karl Rove undermined McCain’s glorification of being a war prisoner by alleging him as mentally incompetent (Slater, 2012). As part of 2006 presidential campaign of George W. Bush, Karl Rove has taken the advantage of immigrants for political gain. His strategy was to focus on anti-immigration policies to divert the attention from failed leadership. It was part of Rove’s divide and distract strategy within the Republican Party. He worked towards making the compromise on the issue of immigration in order to comply with the demands of congressional Republicans.  

RICHARD RODRIGUSE-THE ACHIEVMENT OF DESIRE Essay - 1

RICHARD RODRIGUSE-THE ACHIEVMENT OF DESIRE - Essay Example The use of Hoggart’s explanation offers Rodriguez the best expression in which he expresses the differences and experiences of a school and captures the mind of the reader to imagine an extreme situation of loneliness and isolation. The use large Hoggart’s quotes as used in Rodruguez (599) to define the clear circumstances under which the schoolboy had to persevere is captivating. The large quotes define the home background and the school background and how the school boy had to develop different adaptations in both cases. These large quotes have been used exactly to fit the description as offered by Hoggart and Rodriquez does not expound on them. This means that he finds an exact replica of the life of school boy in Hoggart’s discussion, and does not have to expound on them as they have more command compared to his analysis. This trend continues through the story. The use of these quotes without elaborating on them might mean that Rodriguez considers Hoggart to be more superior, just like a teacher-student relationship and Rodriguez finds these quotes much superior to his own account of events. Rodriguez continuously breaks the rule as he cites large quotes to be part of his book and does not offer an elaboration on them. This is like combining two books in one. The use of Hoggart’s scholarship boy by Rodriguez is a direct contrast to the life of the school boy by Rodriguez. Hoggart’s â€Å"scholarship boys’ have their success on special anxiety, they are good troubled sons and able to manage a fairly graceful transition. They learn to live in two different worlds in their day. These ‘scholarship boys’ as defined by Hoggart, much yearn for both home and school (Rodriguez, 600). Rodriguez ‘scholarship boy’ is somehow different and instead of being troubled by the knowledge and accustoming to both environments, the scholarship boy is more indulged in learning to strengthen his resolve, and